1. Abbasi, S., Ayoob, T., Malik, A., & Memon, S. I. (2020). Perceptions of students regarding e-learning during COVID-19 at a private medical college. Pak. J. Med. Sci., 36(3), 12-26. [
DOI:10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2766]
2. https://doi: 10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2766 [
DOI:10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2766]
3. Alqahtani, A. Y., & Rajkhan, A. A. (2020). E-learning critical success factors during the COVID-
4. 19 pan- demic: A comprehensive analysis of e-learning managerial perspectives. Educ.
6. Alshehri, A., & Cumming, T. M. (2020). Mobile technologies and knowledge management in higher education institutions: Students' and educators' perspectives. Wje, 10(1), 12-22. [
DOI:10.5430/wje.v10n1p12]
7. Al Shlowiy, A., Al-Hoorie, A., & Alharbi, M. (2021). Discrepancy between language learners' and teachers' concerns about emergency: Remote teaching. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 37(6), 1528-1538. [
DOI:10.1111/jcal.12543]
8. Ardan, M., Rahman, F. F., & Geroda, G. B. (2020). The influence of physical distance to student anxiety on COVID-19. Indonesia. J. Crit. Rev., 7(17), 1126-1132. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342801917_JOURNAL_OF_CRITICAL_REVIEWS_THE_INFLUENCE_OF_PHYSICAL_DISTANCE_TO_STUDENT_ANXIETY_ON_COVID-19_INDONESIA
9. Bousbahi, F., & Alrazgan, M. S. (2015). Investigating IT faculty resistance to learning management system adoption using latent variables in an acceptance technology model. Scientific World Journal, 12(3), 1-11. [
DOI:10.1155/2015/375651]
10. Byrnes, Y. M., Civantos, A. M., Go, B. C., McWilliams, T. L., & Rajasekaran, K. (2020). Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical student career perceptions: A national survey study. Med. Educ. Online, 25(1), 17-29. [
DOI:10.1080/10872981.2020.1798088]
11. Chuttur, M. Y. (2009). Overview of the technology acceptance model: Origins, developments and future directions. Sprouts: Working papers on Information Systems, 9(37). http://sprouts.aisnet.org/9-37
12. Creswell, J. W. (2015). A concise introduction to mixed methods research. Sage Publications Ltd.
13. Davari, M. (2022). Online reformulation and collaborative feedback: Its effect on efl learners' writing performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Research in English Education (IJREE), 7(2), 101-118. http://ijreeonline.com/article-1-656-en.html [
DOI:10.52547/ijree.7.2.101]
14. Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, Perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340. [
DOI:10.2307/249008]
15. Day, T., Chang, I. C. C., Chung, C. K. L., Doolittle, W. E., Housel, J., & McDaniel, P. N. (2021).
16. The immediate impact of COVID-19 on postsecondary teaching and learning. Prof. Geogr., 73(1), 1-13. [
DOI:10.1080/00330124.2020.1823864]
17. Dhawan, S. (2020). Online learning: A panacea in the time of COVID-19 crisis. J. Educ.Technol. Syst., 41(1), 5-22. [
DOI:10.1177/0047239520934018]
18. Gonzalez, T., De La Rubia, M.A., Hincz, K. P., Comas-Lopez, M., Subirats, L., Fort, S., & Sacha, G. M. (2020). Influence of COVID-19 confinement on students' performance in higher education. PLoS One, 15(10), 239-246. [
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0239490]
19. Hakami, M. (2020). Using Nearpod as a tool to promote active learning in higher education in a BYOD learning environment. Journal of Education and Learning, 9(1), 119-126. [
DOI:10.5539/jel.v9n1p119]
20. Hamilton, L. S., Grant, D., Kaufman, J. H., Diliberti, M., Schwartz, H. L., Hunter, G. P., Setodji, C. M., & Young, C. J. (2020). COVID-19 and the state of K-12 schools: Results and technical documentation from the spring 2020 American educator panels COVID-19 Surveys. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, RR-A168-1. [
DOI:10.7249/RRA168-1]
21. Hashemi, A. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 on the academic performance of Afghan students' and their level of satisfaction with online teaching. Cogent Arts Human, 8(1), 19-28. [
DOI:10.1080/23311983.2021.1933684]
22. Hodges, C., Moore, S., Lockee, B., Trust, T., & Bond, A. (2020). The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning. https://er.educause.edu/articles/2020/3/the-difference-between-emergency-remote-teaching-and-online-learning
23. Johnson, N., Veletsianos, G., & Seaman, J. (2020). U.S. faculty and administrators' experiences and approaches in the early weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic. OLJ, 24(2), 6-21. [
DOI:10.24059/olj.v24i2.2285]
24. Kite, J., Schlub, T. E., Zhang, Y., Choi, S., Craske, S., & Dickson, M. (2020). Exploring lecturer and student perceptions and use of a learning management system in a postgraduate public health environment. E-Learning and Digital Media, 17(3), 183-198. [
DOI:10.1177/2042753020909217]
25. Mezirow, J. (1997). Transformative learning: Theory to practice. N. Dir. Adult Cont. Educ., 7(4), 5-12. [
DOI:10.1002/ace.7401]
26. Mokhtarzadeh, M. (2021). Investigating the relationship between engagement and achievement in Iranian online English classes in the COVID-19 era. International Journal of Research in English Education (IJREE), 6(4), 75-90. http://ijreeonline.com/article-1-611-en.html [
DOI:10.52547/ijree.6.4.75]
27. Noori, A. Q. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on students' learning in higher education in Afghanistan. Heliyon, 7(10). [
DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08113]
28. Onyema, E. M., Eucharia, A. U., Gbenga, F. S., Roselyn, A. O., Daniel, O., & Kingsley, N. U. (2020). Pedagogical use of mobile technologies during Coronavirus school closure. J. Comp. Sci. Appl., 27(2), 22-31. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jcsia.v27i2.9 [
DOI:10.4314/jcsia.v27i2.9]
29. Oyaid, A., & Alshaya, H. (2019). Saudi university students' views, perceptions, and future intentions towards e-books. Malaysian Online J. Educ. Tech., 7(1), 69-75. doi:10.17220/mojet.2019.01.005 [
DOI:10.17220/mojet.2019.01.005]
30. Shenoy, V., Mahendra, S., & Vijay, N. (2020). COVID-19 lockdown technology adaption teaching, learning, students' engagement and faculty experience. Mukt Shabd Journal, 9(4), 698-702. http://shabdbooks.com/gallery/78-april2020.pdf
31. Shih, Y. Y., & Chen, C. Y. (2013). The study of behavioral intention for mobile commerce: via integrated model of TAM and TTF. Qual. Quant., 47(2), 1009-1020. [
DOI:10.1007/s11135-011-9579-x]
32. Shin, M., & Hickey, K. (2021). Needs a little TLC: Examining college students' emergency remote teaching and learning experiences during COVID-19. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 45(7), 973-986. [
DOI:10.1080/0309877X.2020.1847261]
33. Snoussi, T. (2019). Learning management system in education: opportunities and challenges. Int. J. Innovative Technol. Explor. Eng., 8(12), 664-667. https://www.ijitee.org/wp-content/uploads/papers/v8i12S/L116110812S19.pdf [
DOI:10.35940/ijitee.L1161.10812S19]
34. Swartz, B. C., Gachago, D., & Belford, C. (2018). To care or not to care-reflections on the ethics of blended learning in times of disruption. South African Journal of Higher Education, 32(6), 49-64. [
DOI:10.20853/32-6-2659]
35. UNESCO (2020). Global education coalition. UNESCO.
36. Williamson, B., Eynon, R., & Potter, J. (2020). Pandemic politics, pedagogies and practices: digital technologies and distance education during the coronavirus emergency. Learn. Media Tech., 45(2), 107-114. [
DOI:10.1080/17439884.2020.1761641]
37. Winters, N., & Patel, K. D. (2021). Can a reconceptualization of online training be part of the
38. solution to addressing the COVID-19 pandemic? J. Interprof. Care, 35(2), 161-163. [
DOI:10.1080/13561820.2021.1892615]
39. World Health Organization (WHO) (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Situation Report -75 (4 April 2020). Retrieved from
40. https://reliefweb.int/report/world/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-situation-report-75-4-april-2020?gclid
41. Wyse, A. E., Stickney, E. M., Butz, D., Beckler, A., & Close, C. N. (2020). The potential impact of COVID-19 on student learning and how schools can respond. Educ. Meas. Iss. Pract., 39(3), 60-64. [
DOI:10.1111/emip.12357]